How to live with chronic anemia
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Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2)
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is known to be a rare genetic disorder. Learn more about multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) here with SignsSymptomsList!
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 is a rare genetic disorder where tumors gradually form in one or more different endocrine glands. They will affect overactivity. The following article, along with this pathological SignsSymptomsList, please refer!
What do you mean by multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2)?
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) is an inherited syndrome associated with three main tumor types: medullary thyroid cancer , adrenal medulloblastoma, and parathyroid adenoma. MEN2 is specifically subdivided into different subtypes based on its clinical features.
MEN2 - a rare genetic disease
What is the specific cause of MEN2 disease?
MEN2 is an inherited syndrome, in other words, the risk of cancer and other manifestations of MEN2 can be passed on from different generations, generation to generation in the same family. , family line. MEN2-related genomes are specifically referred to as RETs. A mutation (change) in the RET gene will affect and increase the risk of medullary thyroid cancer and other tumors directly and indirectly related to MEN2.
How is MEN2 syndrome genetic?
Normally, each cell will normally have 2 copies of each gene. One copy is inherited from the mother and one type of copy from the father. MEN2 follows an autosomal dominant phenotype, when only 1 mutation or 1 change in the DNA sequence of 1 copy of the gene will lead to a change in the protein sequence. . This specifically means that a parent carrying a genetic mutation can pass on to their child one copy of the normal gene or one copy of the problematic gene.
Genes that can have a mutation problem
How has MEN2 gradually become popular?
Experts estimate that about 1 in 30,000 people have MEN2. Most people with MEN2B have no family history of the syndrome. They have a de novo (new) mutation problem in the RET gene. In fact, less than 5% of people with MEN2A are thought to have a de novo mutation in the RET gene.
How are MEN2 diagnosed?
You should suspect MEN2A when you have at least 2 out of 3 of the common tumor types, such as medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, or possibly parathyroid adenoma.
In addition, you should also be suspicious of MEN2B in children with mucocutaneous neurofibromatosis . It is known to be lumps present on the tip of the tongue and often has typical recognizable facial features, such as thick lips.
Diagnosis of MEN2 . disease should be considered
What are the screening methods used for MEN2 disease?
Annual blood tests will help you measure ionized calcium and parathyroid hormone levels, which have gradually started in children, more specifically, for people with MEN2A.
Annual blood tests also help quantify catecholamines and other catecholamine metabolites, which will include metanephrine and normetanephrine. Special attention for people with MEN2A and MEN2B
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) or CAT scans will aid in scanning the abdomen to quickly detect adrenal medulloblastoma, which may be repeated in 4 to 5 years or when you notice, detect, and detect elevated levels. catecholamines or metanephrine are unusually problematic.
What is the treatment for medullary thyroid cancer that has spread to the lymph nodes of the neck or beyond?
Surgery to remove lymph nodes in the neck and upper chest should be performed by surgeons who have many years of skilled experience with this technique. This method will be able to help you cure 10% to 20% of cases where the disease has spread to the cervical lymph nodes.
You should remove the lymph node if it has spread to the lymph nodes
What are the potential risks associated with adrenal myeloma?
Pheochromocytoma will be associated with MEN2 disease, but most are benign. However, these tumors often cause abnormally high levels of adrenaline and noradrenalin, which can cause high blood pressure, faster heartbeat, tremors, or involuntary muscle contractions. This can result in cardiac arrest leading to sudden death.
Typical treatment for a parathyroid tumor
The increased production of parathyroid hormone will be caused by a benign parathyroid tumor, which can cause hypercalcemia, kidney stones, and osteoporosis. In these cases, you should quickly surgically remove the parathyroid tumor to effectively resolve the problem.
Questions that patients often ask medical professionals
If you are too worried about your risk of thyroid cancer or other tumor diseases. You should consider asking specific medical professionals the following questions:
- What about my thyroid cancer risk?
- How is the risk associated with other tumors such as leukemia, skin cancer , and other cancers?
- What do I need to do to reduce my risk of cancer?
- What good options do I have for effective cancer screening?
The above article is the sharing of SignsSymptomsList about multiple intraepithelial neoplasia type 2 (MEN2). Hopefully, through this article, you will have more necessary information about these diseases in life.
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