Over the past 10 years, the air pollution in Ho Chi Minh City has always exceeded the permissible level. The peak is that from mid-2018 to now, the problem of pollution has been constantly mentioned, but this situation has not shown signs of decline, the risk of threatening people's health is increasing.
Over the past 10 years, the air pollution in Ho Chi Minh City has always exceeded the permissible level. The peak is that from mid-2018 to now, the problem of pollution has been constantly mentioned, but this situation has not shown signs of decline, the risk of threatening people's health is increasing.
Air pollution is a condition in which the components in the air have a change in quality and quantity. The increasing presence of pollutants, foreign substances, fine dust, radioactive substances... makes the composition of the air unbalanced and becomes more toxic.
According to a 2008 report by the Blacksmith Institute of Industry, air pollution is the worst toxic pollution problem in the world, harmful to human health, more serious can cause death.
The persistent thick layer of smog is the result of air pollution.
The air pollution index in Ho Chi Minh City exceeds the permissible level
Air pollution levels are usually determined by the AQI Index - a measure of how air quality affects health.
According to the AQI, if it is at 51-100 points, the air quality is average but considered "acceptable". However, it can cause concern for sensitive groups.
With an AQI above 100, the air is considered a mild to severe hazard. And there are many times of the year, this index in HCMC has exceeded 100 points.
AQI is converted from the measurement of PM 2.5 - the density of dust particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers present in the air around the monitor. The reason PM 2.5 measurement is noticeable is because this ultra-fine dust can penetrate deep into the lungs, seep into the bloodstream, causing a variety of respiratory diseases and cancers.
For 24 hours, a PM 2.5 reading out of 25 has been unhealthy. If this index rises to about 37.5, the risk of death will increase by 1.2% in the short term.
On average, the standard PM 2.5 index is only 10 per year, at 35, the long-term risk of premature death is up to 15%.
According to WHO, PM 2.5 should be below 25 μg/m3 on average 24 hours. Meanwhile, the AQI of 100 points corresponding to PM 2.5 is 35.4. This shows that air pollution in HCMC has reached an alarming level.
The level of air pollution in Ho Chi Minh City is always in an alarming state.
City dwellers face cancer risk
In Ho Chi Minh City, the leading cause of air pollution is smoke and dust from means of transport due to traffic activities in the area that are always overloaded, harmful emissions in industrial zones and the habit of smoking by the people.
This is also the cause of an increase in the proportion of people with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory infections, respiratory disorders during sleep, children with poor respiratory function... Especially, on hot days, Air pollution is even more serious and increases the risk of lung cancer.
Vehicles are one of the leading causes of air pollution in the city.
Besides, according to Assoc. Prof. TS.BS Cung Thi Tuyet Anh (former deputy head of Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy in Ho Chi Minh City), experimental studies in animals showed that there are about 500 chemical components. Studies in exhaust gases can cause genetic mutations.
It is also found that people living in polluted urban areas have DNA damage on leukocytes, DNA damage in lymphocytes and nasal mucosa and abnormal changes at the cellular level… DNA damage is the main cause. cause many types of cancer.
Air pollution is the biggest cause of illness and premature death worldwide. Health threat to virtually all residents living in large cities in developing countries. And in Vietnam, the problem of pollution is always in a state of emergency.
Therefore, in order to limit the pollution in Ho Chi Minh City today, Prof. Le Huy Ba proposed leaders of the People's Committee of Ho Chi Minh City to move production facilities out of residential areas, and at the same time promote technology improvement, prioritizing the use of clean and environmentally friendly technology.
According to many urban management experts, the fundamental solution is to promote the development of public passenger transport, especially for vehicles using natural gas. At the same time, limit the increase of personal vehicles and tighten emission standards to limit old and substandard vehicles on the road.
Creating green patches in urban areas helps to purify the air more effectively.
Although Ho Chi Minh City is always in a state of 'crowded land', it is also necessary to pay attention to creating a green space for the city to regulate the air. For households, encourage people to plant trees in the house, if there is not enough area, plant vines, make use of small areas of land to purify the air. Everyone's awareness of keeping the environment clean and creating a healthy living space is the premise to create a greener and cleaner city.
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