What are the consequences of traumatic brain injury?

Although no one wants to, but in life there are many risks that cause loved ones or ourselves to have a serious accident that leads to damage or even traumatic brain injury, bleeding in the ear. So what are the consequences of traumatic brain injury, let's find out!

Bleeding traumatic brain injury (also called traumatic ear injury) is a form of traumatic brain injury . Fracture injuries are dangerous because of ear complications and can cause: meningitis after many years. People with traumatic brain injury and bleeding from the ear need to be examined and treated with many methods to prevent future consequences.

Causes of traumatic brain injury ear bleeding

Broken bones

Characteristic

The stony bone is located deep in the skull, so it is usually a closed injury, but can communicate to the outside through the tympanic cavity.

Bleeding traumatic brain injury (trauma to the bone fracture) is dangerous because of complications of the ear and can cause: meningitis after many years because the fracture line is only healed by the fibrous tissue, not It is a bone can because stone bones do not have bone cells.

Before a scapular fracture, a cranial nerve examination should first be performed to detect an epidural hematoma. The sequelae of bone fracture and traumatic brain injury to the ear are quite complicated, not only in hearing and balance function but also in psychology and sympathetic nervous system.

Fracture of the stone bone can be the cause of traumatic brain injury and ear bleeding

Reason

Due to a fall, a car accident, a work accident, a head hit against a wall, a machine...

Due to being hit with a hard object to the occipital and temporal areas, sometimes accompanied by a skull fracture.

Symptom

Ear bleeding: bleeding or pooling in the outer ear canal, red blood, clots seen in longitudinal rupture.

Cerebrospinal fluid: clear fluid flows a lot, dripping from deep in the ear canal, in the tympanic cavity, can last 5-7 days, does not stop on its own. There may be cerebrospinal fluid mixed with blood, the pink color gradually fades. Seen in transverse and diagonal rupture.

Hearing loss may be due to cochlear damage, if mixed hearing loss gradually decreases due to labyrinthine concussion: accompanied by hearing loss with tinnitus.

Dizziness: can be severe, accompanied by loss of balance with nystagmus.

Prominent peripheral facial paralysis is seen in transverse rupture or paraplegia is seen in diagonal rupture.

Progression and complications

Labyrinthine concussion: can heal after rest, anti-inflammatory.

Bone fracture without cerebrospinal fluid: may resolve on its own. If there is a tear, damage to the eardrum is easy to cause otitis media, mastoiditis.

Broken bones with cerebrospinal fluid: easily lead to disseminated purulent meningitis. With rupture across the inner ear canal, the labyrinth causes hearing loss and facial paralysis that is often irreversible.

Ear trauma due to pressure

Reason

Due to explosive waves (bombs, grenades, cannons...).

Injury to the middle ear: tearing of the eardrum, dislocation of the hammer and anvil.

Inner ear damage such as bleeding, damage to the cells of the organ of Corti.

Symptom

Sharp pain in the ear, which usually lasts a few days, can turn into pain deep in the ear.

Hearing loss: right after a traumatic brain injury, bleeding from the ear, the patient's hearing loss is mild, moderate, or severe depending on the injury. Usually subsides but may not be reversible.

Tinnitus: A frequent ringing in the ears that fades away after a few days.

Dizziness occurs soon after trauma along with hearing loss. Then tinnitus may persist continuously. The eardrum may be torn, bleeding, and slightly swollen.

Evolution

When there is a tear in the eardrum, the victim is very susceptible to otitis media and mastoiditis.

The victim's eardrum may have been torn at this point

Ear wound

How to handle it?

In the first hour on the spot: try to clean the ear area, around the ear thoroughly, wash the ear canal with sterile water, then sprinkle with antibiotic powder.

If you are in shock, you must first deal with the shock.

Symptoms

Effects on hearing function: irreversible conductive or receptive deafness.

Deformation of the auricle, ear canal.

The temporomandibular joint is fused.

Nerve paralysis.

Imaging tests

CT or CAT scan (computed tomography) is the gold standard for imaging evaluation in patients with traumatic brain injury. CT is an easy technique to perform and is excellent for detecting the presence of blood and fractures, which are the most important lesions to identify in medical trauma cases.

Straight cranial radiographs are recommended in some cases to evaluate patients with mild neurological dysfunction. However, most US medical centers already have CT scans - a more accurate diagnostic tool. For this reason, the use of routine cranial X-rays in patients with traumatic brain injury has been reduced.

MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is not commonly used in acute head trauma because it takes longer than a CT scan. MRI is also impractical in acute trauma because it is difficult to move an acute trauma patient from the emergency room to the MRI machine. However, after the patient is stable, MRI can help detect lesions not seen on CT scans. This information is often useful for assessing prognosis rather than influencing treatment.

Need to take relatives to visit trauma specialists at reputable central hospitals for treatment advice

Before a bleeding traumatic brain injury, a cranial nerve examination should first be performed to detect an epidural hematoma. The sequelae of bone fracture and traumatic brain injury to the ear are quite complicated, not only in hearing and balance function but also in psychology and sympathetic nervous system. If a loved one has an unfortunate accident, it is necessary to take the loved one to a trauma specialist at a reputable central hospital for advice and treatment. Because traumatic brain injury is a dangerous case, each individual needs to be aware of the prevention of traumatic brain injury. Actively strengthen the propaganda and education of traffic safety rules among the people. It is necessary to be aware that a dangerous traumatic brain injury will cause disability to oneself, a burden to the family and society.