The temporal lobe: Anatomy and function

The temporal lobe is one of the main lobes that make up the human brain. Located on either side of the brain, this lobe has distinct anatomical structures and functions. If this lobe damage will significantly affect the quality of life. So what is the structure and function of this lobe of the brain? Let's go with SignsSymptomsList to find the answer through the following article.

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• 1. What is the temporal lobe?
• 2. Function of the temporal lobe
• 3. Limbic . system
• 4. Broca and Wernick . regions
• 5. Anatomical structure of the temporal lobe
• 6. Medical conditions related to the temporal lobes
• 7. Dyslexia
• 8. Wernick Aphasia
• 9. Temporal lobe epilepsy
• 10. Pick .'s Disease
• 11. Schizophrenia
• 12. What is temporal lobe control?
• 13. Conclusion

1. What is the temporal lobe?

The temporal lobe or temporal lobe is one of the four main lobes of the cerebral cortex in the mammalian brain. This lobe is located below the lateral fissure on both cerebral hemispheres of the mammalian brain. Temporal lobe is involved in processing sensory input into derived meanings for the proper maintenance of visual memory. While maintaining language comprehension and emotional association.

This lobe is also located on the brain stem and cerebellum. The frontal and parietal lobes are located above the temporal lobes . The occipital lobe is located just behind it. The main structures that are part of the temporal lobe include:

• Wernicke's area.
• Broca region.
• The limbic system.

These structures also span other lobes. For example, Wernicke's area extends to the parietal lobe, and Broca's area is part of the frontal lobe.

2. Function of the temporal lobe

The function of the temporal lobes revolves around auditory, memory, and emotional stimuli. Temporal lobe contains the main auditory complex. This is the first area responsible for interpreting information in the form of sounds from the ear. This lobe receives different frequencies, sounds, and pitches from the ear and gives them meaning.

Auditory function.

As part of this process, the temporal lobe is responsible for selective hearing in humans. Selective hearing helps filter out unnecessary frequencies so that a person can focus on important sounds from the environment.

See also: What do you know about temporal lobe epilepsy?

There is a visual aspect to this lobe of the brain. Temporal lobe helps to establish object recognition, including complex objects, such as faces. Finally, the temporal lobe plays the role of understanding and providing meaning to the language. This makes the language distinctive and easy to understand.

3. Limbic . system

The temporal lobes are an important part of the limbic system. The limbic system is involved in motivation, emotion, learning, and memory. While the limbic system interacts with other areas of the brain, it works directly with the temporal lobes to influence components of the limbic system.

The limbic system itself contains important structures, including the amygdala and hippocampus. These structures are responsible for important processes in the brain, such as memory, learning, and attention.

Limbic system.

The temporal lobe interacts with these structures that also play a role in memory, helping to form conscious long-term memory. Due to its connection to the limbic system, the temporal lobes contribute to a number of automatic states and bodily functions. This includes sexual arousal, anxiety levels, and food cravings.

4. Broca and Wernick . regions

4.1. Broca region

Broca's area is located in the temporal lobe. It is mainly responsible for the fluency of human speech and language use.

4.2. Wernick's brain region

Wernicke's area is located in the dominant lateral temporal lobe . It is responsible for processing and giving meaning to speech and writing. Wernick's area helps a person understand voice and language.

Wernick's brain region.

5. Anatomical structure of the temporal lobe

The temporal lobes include structures important for declarative or long-term memory. Declarative (declarative) memory or explicit memory is conscious memory. It is divided into semantic memory and phased (event) memory.

The intermediate temporal lobe structure is important for long-term memory. It includes the hippocampus, along with the surrounding hippocampus. This region includes the neo-hippocampal, sub-hippocampal, and central regions.

Hippopotamus.

The hippocampus is important for memory formation and the medial temporal cortex. The prefrontal region and visual structures are also involved in clear memory.

See also: Transient amnesia: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Research has shown that damage to the hippocampus of monkeys leads to significant functional impairment. While extensive lesions including hippocampus and medial temporal cortex lead to severe functional impairment.

6. Medical conditions related to the temporal lobes

Because the temporal lobe is involved in so many bodily functions, damage to this lobe can have very serious consequences. Severe damage can cause bleeding, a life-threatening blood clot. Accompanied by other conditions that can lead to death if left untreated.

The prognosis associated with temporal lobe lesions is highly dependent on the location of the lesion, the source of the lesion, and prompt medical care. For example, a person who seeks early medical attention to deal with an underlying brain injury may find the damage less likely to develop. Hence less temporal lobe damage.

See also: Basic information about degenerative disease of the basal ganglia cortical

Ultimately, however, there is no way to predict the prognosis of temporal lobe injuries with absolute certainty. The brain remains a mysterious organ, and much about it remains poorly understood.

A person with damage to this lobe may experience problems including:

• Verbal and nonverbal memory impairment.
• Musical skills are impaired.
• Poor speech and reduced ability to understand speech.
• Poor learning ability.
• Difficulty in planning.
• Disorientation disorder.
• A state of indifference or indifference.
• Difficulty recalling visual stimuli.
• Inability to recognize familiar faces or objects.
• Change feelings of hunger and thirst.
• Poor impulse control.
• Deaf.
• One or more types of hallucinations, such as visual, auditory, or olfactory.
• Amnesia.

Amnesia.

Severe damage to the temporal lobe can cause life-threatening bleeding or clotting. In addition, there may be a link between temporal lobe lesions and a number of different disorders and conditions.

7. Dyslexia

There may be a link between dyslexia and temporal lobes. Dyslexia makes it difficult for a person to read, because the brain has trouble conveying meaning to language.

Dyslexia.

The person may have difficulty recognizing words or sounds and may have difficulty matching certain sounds in the language with their meanings. People with dyslexia may experience decreased activity in the left temporal lobe.

8. Wernick Aphasia

Wernicke's aphasia, or receptive aphasia, impairs a person's ability to understand or use language. They may use the wrong words or speak in a way that doesn't make sense. Wernicke's aphasia often occurs in people who have had a temporal lobe ischemic stroke.

Wernick aphasia.

9. Temporal lobe epilepsy

Temporal lobe epilepsy is one of the most common forms of partial epilepsy in adults, according to a study in the journal Imaging Brain Diseases. This condition causes uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain that can lead to seizures.

Temporal lobe epilepsy.

10. Pick .'s Disease

Pick's disease is a less common form of dementia that causes damage or atrophy in the frontal and temporal lobes . This condition can include changes to states such as mood, attention span, or agitated or aggressive behaviors.

Pick's disease.

People with Pick's disease may also lose the ability to use language correctly. They may not be able to speak or recognize voices. They may also lose the ability to read or write and may have a general vocabulary loss.

11. Schizophrenia

There is a link between schizophrenia and damage to the temporal lobe, in the primary auditory cortex in the left temporal lobe. This condition can cause some of the main symptoms of schizophrenia. Includes hearing external voices or other auditory hallucinations.

Schizophrenia.

12. What is temporal lobe control?

The temporal lobe is not an independent organ. It interacts directly with other regions of the brain, sending and receiving signals to and from the spinal cord, allowing it to communicate with the entire body.

Therefore, damage to this lobe can affect the functioning of distant organs. And damage to organs completely unrelated to the temporal lobe can interfere with receptivity. It also interferes with the processing and response to various signals.

See more: Nerve compression syndrome that you need to know

Because the temporal lobe contains most of the limbic system, it is both greatly influenced and affects a number of automatic bodily functions. This includes heart rate, arousal, anxiety, and the like. Over time, disruptions in these states can affect other bodily functions. For example, childhood trauma tends to predispose some people to chronic anxiety.

It makes them always in a state of fighting or running. This floods the body with hormones like cortisol. And that can lead to chronic inflammation and even health problems like infertility.

13. Conclusion

The temporal lobe is one of the four main lobes of the cerebral cortex. It is primarily responsible for interpreting sounds from the ear and plays an important role in the recognition and use of language. The temporal lobe also helps in object recognition and interacts with other structures to create new and lasting memories.

Dysfunction or damage to the temporal lobe can cause various symptoms throughout the body, including memory impairment, altered emotional states, and hallucinations. Rapid detection and treatment of any damage in these areas is critical to helping provide the best outlook.

Dr. Nguyen Lam Giang